Studies have shown that 60% of all turtle species are threatened, making them one of the most endangered vertebrate groups. This also explains the high number of turtle species kept at the ACCB. There are conservation breeding programs for the yellow-headed turtle (Indotestudo elongata, CR) and the Amboina box turtle (Cuora amboinensis, EN), whose offspring are already being reintroduced, as well as breeding programs for the giant gopher tortoise (Heosem ys grandis, CR), the temple tortoise (Heosem ys annandalii, CR), and the Batagur tortoise (Batagur affinis, CR). 

Also kept are the Striped Spiny Turtle (Cyclemys atripons, EN), Oldham's Spiny Turtle (Cyclemys ys oldham ii, EN), Malayan Snail-eater (Malayem ys subtrijuga, NT), Thick-necked Turtle (Siebenrockiella crassicollis, EN), and, rarely, various soft-shelled turtles. Of particular note is the breeding of the Batagur Turtle, whose Cambodian subspecies was previously considered extinct. The ACCB maintains one of the two ex situ populations and was able to breed a young turtle for the first time in 2022. Just a few weeks earlier, the world's first breeding occurred in the other ex situ population.